That means the selector div > p.some_class only selects paragraphs of .some_class that sit directly inside a div, not paragraphs that are nested further within.
CSS
div > p.some_class {css rules}
HTML
<div>
<p class="some_class">Some text here</p>
<!-- Selected [1] -->
<blockquote>
<p class="some_class">More text here</p>
<!-- Not selected [2] --></blockquote>
</div>
What's selected and what's not:
Selected
This p.some_class is located directly inside the div, hence a parent-child relationship is established between both elements.
Not selected
This p.some_class is contained by a blockquote within the div, rather than the div itself. Although this p.some_class is a descendant of the div, it's not a child; it's a grandchild.
Consequently, while div > p.some_class won't match this element, div p.some_class will, using the descendant combinator instead.


